Kris Kristofferson, who wrote indelible songs about lovers, loners, boozers and a footloose pair of hitchhikers — and who later became a screen star, appearing in dozens of films — has died at age 88.
According to his representative, the singer, songwriter and actor died peacefully in his home in Maui, Hawaii, on Saturday, Sept. 28, surrounded by family. No cause of death was shared.
Kristofferson made his name as a songwriter in Nashville starting in the late 1960s, penning songs including "Me and Bobby McGee," "Sunday Morning Coming Down" and "Help Me Make It Through the Night," which other singers (Janis Joplin, Johnny Cash and Sammi Smith, respectively) took to the top of the charts.
His fame and sex symbol status grew through his movie roles, most notably when he co-starred with Barbra Streisand in the 1976 remake of A Star is Born.
"I imagined myself into a pretty full life," Kristofferson told NPR's Fresh Air in 1999. "I was certainly not equipped, by God, to be a football player, but I got to be one. And I got to be a Ranger, and a paratrooper, and a helicopter pilot, you know, and a boxer, and a lot of things that I don't think I was built to do. I just imagined 'em."
Kristofferson won three Grammy awards, two of them for duets with his then-wife Rita Coolidge, to whom he was married from 1973-80. His performance in A Star Is Born earned him a Golden Globe in 1976.
In 2004, Kristofferson was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame, and in 2014, he was honored with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
Early on, he found his calling as a writer
Kristofferson was born in Brownsville, Texas to a military family; his father was a major general in the U.S. Air Force. It was there, at age 11, that he wrote his first song, titled "I Hate Your Ugly Face." (He included that number as a bonus track on one of his last albums, Closer to the Bone, in 2009.)
At Pomona College in southern California, Kristofferson majored in creative literature. His many diverse talents drew the attention of Sports Illustrated, which highlighted him as one of its "Faces in the Crowd" in 1954. "This dashing young man," the magazine trumpeted, not only played rugby and varsity football and was a Golden Gloves boxer; he was also sports editor of the college paper, a folk singer, an award-winning writer and an "outstanding" ROTC cadet.
From Pomona, Kristofferson won a prestigious Rhodes Scholarship to study at Oxford University, where he dove into the works of Shakespeare and William Blake.
In a 1999 interview with NPR's Morning Edition, he explained that Blake "was a wonderful example for somebody who wanted to be an artist, because he believed if you were cut out to be one, it was your moral responsibility to be one, or you'd be haunted throughout your life and after death — 'til eternity!"
Perhaps inspired by Blake's admonition, Kristofferson harbored dreams of writing the Great American Novel. Instead, after Oxford he followed his father into the military, joining the U.S. Army, where he became a helicopter pilot and attained the rank of Captain. Assigned to teach literature at West Point, Kristofferson decided to ditch the Army, and he moved to Nashville to pursue his dream of songwriting.
For that choice, he was disowned by his parents. "They thought that somewhere between Oxford and the Army I had gone crazy," Kristofferson told Pomona College Magazine in 2004. "My mother said nobody over 14 listens to that kind of stuff anyway.... But I was more and more determined to go that way. And being virtually disowned was kind of liberating for me, because I had nothing left to lose."
From janitor to hit songwriter
Arriving in Nashville in 1965, Kristofferson got a job as a janitor at Columbia Studios, sweeping floors and emptying ashtrays, while writing songs on the side.
He often compared the creative ferment of Nashville in the '60s to that of Paris in the '20s. "When I got there," he said in the 1999 Fresh Air interview, "it was so different from any life that I'd been in before; just hanging out with these people who stayed up for three or four days at a time, and nights, and were writing songs all the time."
"I think I wrote four songs during the first week I was there," he continued. "And it was just so exciting to me. It was like a lifeboat, you know? It was like my salvation."
The story goes that Kristofferson was so desperate to get his songs into the hands of Johnny Cash that he landed a helicopter on Cash's lawn. In the version Cash used to tell, Kristofferson emerged with a tape in one hand and a beer in the other.
"It's a great story, and a story that good needs to be believed, even if it's not true," quips musician Rodney Crowell, who became Cash's son-in-law when he married Rosanne Cash. "But, you know, according to John, that literally happened."
Johnny Cash would turn out to be instrumental in launching Kristofferson's career, introducing him at the 1969 Newport Folk Festival and inviting him to perform on his television variety show.
His songs were like short stories
Rodney Crowell was one of many young songwriters who were drawn to Nashville by the beacon of Kristofferson's success. "Because of Kris Kristofferson, a lot of songwriters came into Nashville, came in droves. And I was part of that wave," he tells NPR.
What set Kristofferson's music apart, Crowell says, was the way he wove a story and sustained a narrative through his songs. Take "Sunday Morning Coming Down," for example — a vivid portrait of bleak, hungover loneliness. Crowell calls the song "a beautifully-written short story."
In the world of Nashville songwriters, lyrics like this were a revelation. "Along comes Kris, a Rhodes Scholar with a high IQ and a very poetic sensibility," Crowell says. "Kris brought it. He brought it in a big way."
Musician Steve Earle recalls that when he first heard "Sunday Morning Coming Down" as a teenager in Texas, it made such an impact that he rushed out to buy Kristofferson's first two records.
"The imagery and the use of language is just being cranked up to a level higher than really anything that came before in country music, for sure," Earle says.
Kristofferson, he says, "raised the bar single-handedly in country music lyrically to a place that writers are still aspiring to, and I still aspire to, to this day."
He was a master of seduction, in song and on screen
For Nashville, Kristofferson's 1970 song of naked, unapologetic desire, "Help Me Make It Through the Night," was nothing short of revolutionary. "It was earth-shaking, and a paradigm shift," Crowell says. "It is literally a form of seduction. It's silver-tongue seduction."
"There's a description of intimacy in it that probably had never existed before," Earle says. "And of course, when other people, lesser songwriters, tried to do it, it became smut."
In person and on the screen, Kristofferson was magnetic: movie-star gorgeous, with a roguish grin and electric blue eyes.
"Women loved him, you know? I mean, absolutely fell over," Crowell says. "He was a sex symbol and a rock star."
For a young, eager musician like Crowell, Kristofferson offered an intoxicating role model.
"It was like, 'Hmm, I want to be like that,'" Crowell says. "I was like, 'How do you do that? How do you have that kind of swagger?'"
Kristofferson brought that same sensual swagger to his movie roles over his decades-long career. He starred in films including Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, A Star Is Born, Semi-Tough, Heaven's Gate and Lone Star, working with directors Sam Peckinpah, Martin Scorsese, Alan Rudolph and John Sayles, among others.
For a stretch in the 1980s and '90s, Kristofferson was part of an occasional country outlaw supergroup, joining with Johnny Cash, Waylon Jennings and Willie Nelson to form the Highwaymen. Recalling that time in an interview with the British magazine Classic Rock years later, he said, "I just wish I was more aware of how lucky I was to share a stage with those people. I had no idea that two of them [Cash and Jennings] would be done so soon. Hell, I was up there and I had all my heroes with me – these are guys whose ashtrays I used to clean. I'm kinda amazed I wasn't more amazed."
In the '80s and '90s, Kristofferson also embraced a number of leftist political causes. He protested nuclear testing in Nevada, and vocally opposed U.S. policy in Central America, making several trips to Nicaragua in support of the Sandinista government, and excoriating the U.S. backing of El Salvador's military-led junta in that country's brutal civil war. "I'm a songwriter," he said in a 1988 Fresh Air interview, "but I'm also concerned with my fellow human beings. And I'm real concerned with the soul of my country." His 1990 album, Third World Warrior, is filled with songs expressing his political views:
Music connected him to memory
In his later years, Kristofferson suffered from profound memory loss, but he kept performing up until 2020. Among those he shared the stage with was Margo Price. "Without a doubt," she says, "he still had all the same charisma and all the sex appeal, every time."
On stage, Price says, Kristofferson could connect with his musical memories and "feel like he was himself.... There's been times where I've got off stage with Kris and I'm like, 'Great show, Kris!' He's like, 'Oh, thanks. You know, I wish I could have been there!' I mean, that was the powerful thing about seeing him perform his songs, was that he could remember songs he'd written so long ago, but yet not remember something from five minutes ago."
In an interview with NPR in 2013, Kristofferson reflected on his life and career. At 76, he had just released an album titled Feeling Mortal.
"To my surprise," he told Rachel Martin, "I feel nothing but gratitude for being this old, and still above ground, living with the people I love. I've had a life of all kinds of experiences, most of 'em good. I got eight kids and a wife that puts up with everything I do, and keeps me out of trouble."
Kristofferson lived for many years on the island of Maui, in a home built high on the slope of the Haleakala volcano, with a panoramic view of the Pacific Ocean. He told an interviewer in 2015, "I've had so much blessing, so much reward for my life that I want to stay right where I am, which is on an island with no neighbors and 180 degrees of empty horizon. It's a beautiful view."
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